Research guide

Read papers around a question.

When reading a paper, separate the author’s evidence from your interpretation so each claim can be checked later.

Main topic···Origin of SpeciesView sourceSource excerpt···VariationView sourceSource excerpt···Inherited traitsView sourceSource excerpt···DifferencesView sourceSource excerpt···EnvironmentView sourceSource excerpt···Natural selectionView sourceSource excerpt···CompetitionView sourceSource excerpt···AdaptationView sourceSource excerpt···SurvivalView sourceSource excerpt···EvidenceView sourceSource excerpt···FossilsView sourceSource excerpt···DivergenceView source

Keep source and thought together.

01

Start with a research question

Write one question before reading. As you review the abstract and figures, save only passages that help answer it or challenge an assumption.

02

Capture evidence with location

Keep the exact quotation or a screenshot of the relevant table alongside the page location. Record your own interpretation in a separate note.

03

Build a claim map

Group findings under themes such as method, evidence, limitations, and open questions. Return to the source before citing a result.

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